Introduction to management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Introduction to management - Essay Example This scenario may be referred as dynamicity of the environment. The shorter termed opportunities and speculation points cannot be integrated in the previously designed strategic plan of the organization (Steed, 2013). Conventional strategic plans are not flexible to absorb the environmental developments while the previous plan is being implemented. The strategic plans are result oriented, but the minor flexible slots can provide the short term advantage to the competitors. The environment of the organization apparently remains unchanged and stationary. The previously stated phenomenon creates rigidity because of mission and vision statements. Mission and vision statement are the guides for future time period. The frame work for future time is usually for longer time period and once it is created, no one can add newer dynamics into the objectives’ timeline. However it is not a rule of thumb because some strategic plans have the capability to recognize the importance of the envi ronment but only to the extent of locked in objectives. The extent of absorbability is not significant to compete over the cutthroat bases (Burus, 2013). Strategic planning possesses vital importance in the strategic success of an organization. There are meaningful rationales behind creation of strategic plans. Foremost, the strategic plans provide an enlightened way to create the organizational goals fulfilled. It puts the synergy in to the organizational energies by providing a leading path definition. The leaders within the organizations have clear idea of expected output from the subordinate and the employees gain a transparent spirit of anticipations. The exchange of expectations creates a bridge like roadmap through which the organization personnel lead their tasks. The concept of cross functional work teams and self managed teams has significantly twisted the scenario. Increasing competition has augmented the need of organizational commitment and innovative environment. For e xample, Google Incorporation provides one an hour to its employees which is spare of the routine tasks so that they can have a brain storming session and come up with the innovative ideas. Recognizing the importance of the strategic planning, we cannot recommend letting the strategic plans go. It needs to create integration with dynamicity of the environment with the organizational strategic plan (Steed, 2013). Leading innovative organizations in the world are leaning to transfer their organizational structures from mechanistic to organic ones. The flatter organizational hierarchies provide a wider room for innovation and dynamicity absorption. At the same time it is required to create linkage between external changes and the current organizational strategy. However it still prevails like a major decision to be taken in the milieu of large organizations. The cultural and team work constraints are enough significant that organizational strategy has a little space to roll over the sma ll changes (Slezek, 2013). Dynamicity absorption is suggested to attain through flexible mission and vision statements. In the conventional settings, it almost seems to be impossible to stick with the environmental changes along with implementing a rigid, long term and result oriented organizational

Extinction of Dinosaurs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Extinction of Dinosaurs - Essay Example The disappearance of the dinosaurs is in some ways a great mystery. During the time the dinosaurs lived, many new kinds developed and other older kinds died out. Not all kinds died out at once, but by the end of the Cretaceous period, the last of the dinosaurs had disappeared. Scientists have proposed several theories to explain the disappearance of the dinosaurs. There are two main theories of Dinosaur extinction as follows: the Asteroid Theory. In 1980 the asteroid theory was proposed by Luis and Walter Alvarez. This theory is based on the discovery of unusually high concentrations of the rare metal iridium at rock levels close to the level of the last dinosaur remains. Iridium is more common in meteorites than in rocks found in the earth's crust. According to this theory, a large asteroid crashed into the earth about the time the dinosaurs disappeared. The force of the collision caused a huge cloud of dust to circle the earth. The dust blocked the sun's light for as long as five y ears. This killed many plants, and without food, the dinosaurs died too.

Self Compacting Concrete Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self Compacting Concrete - Essay Example It was first developed in Japan in 1988 as a result of research on durability of concrete structures. Since then, research on SCC has progressed to a large extent, leading to its increased applicability in the construction industry. ‘Necessity is the mother of invention’, goes the adage. Such is the story of Self-Compacting Concrete, whose invention materialized out of an urgent need. Increasing the durability of concrete structures was Japan’s major concern in the 1980s (Okamura & Ouchi, 2003). Compaction of concrete has to be performed by skilled workers to ensure durability of the concrete structures, but Japan faced a severe shortage of skilled workers in its construction industry. Therefore, the development of self-compacting concrete that could fill every space of the formwork by virtue of its own weight without the need of mechanical vibration seemed a very promising alternative. This would also eliminate noise sensitivity, white finger syndrome and other environmental and biological inconveniences that resulted from the vibrations on site (De Schutter, 2007). The concept of SCC was first proposed in 1986 by Okamura, and Ozawa & Maekawa carried out fundamental studies on SCC at the Un iversity of Tokyo (Okamura & Ouchi). The first prototype of SCC was created in 1988 using material that already existed on the market and this prototype showed satisfactory performance in drying and hardening shrinkage, density after hardening, and heat of hydration (Okamura & Ouchi, 2003). This concrete was termed ‘high-performance concrete’, which was later changed to ‘self-compacting high performance concrete’ due to the existence of durable concretes that used the same term for reference. The newly developed SCC was self-compactable (at the fresh stage), avoided initial defects (at the early age), and protected from external factors (after the hardening) (Okamura & Ouchi). After the creation of the first prototype, major contractors developed

Inter Personal Communication between people from different cultures Essay

Inter Personal Communication between people from different cultures - Essay Example It also increases the levels up to which people tend to during communication in various cultures and ethnic relationships. Communications keeps happening. As the saying goes, 'you cannot not communicate'. On analysis of the interview the people from the Asian cultures provided to me and the answers that could be obtained from them with regard to the effective communication methods among the community was found to have the following: 1. Interpersonal communication in most of the Asian countries follow a formal structuring. The teacher in the community is addressed as 'sir' or with a respect over tone and not by his her name. This is valid for all seniors in the household, neighbors and other senior people whom the person comes across. Whereas, in contrast, the American way of addressing such people is by their name with a Mr or Ms or Mrs as the case may be and this considered as lack of respect in case of the Asian communities. The same becomes valid when you are a senior person, an American may not mind it rather would like you to address him as Mr Senior Person, but in the case of the Asian Community if a person is addressed so or with the first name, it was always found that the people tend to take offence. 2. In America when one meets the person he wants to discuss business with, it is done immediately on meeting the person. The welfare of the person or the family or other such things which are extraneous to the topic of the meeting is hardly discussed. It is normally to the point. In case of the Asian communities, the tendency is to first create a personal rapport before commencing the business talk. Pleasantries will be exchanged to a greater degree trying to know the welfare of the person, his family; may be his parent was sick and the person will be asked about all these. This is considered as a part of the involvement in the deal. After getting so much closer, the logic is one does not try to cheat the other. Getting directly to the point might appear snobbish to people from these cultures. 3. Interpersonal communication tends to be more personal and develops a rapport in most of the Asian cultures, whereas in the case of American cultures the relationship is more business like. There is no 'face' lost in the business or linked to the business in case of American businesses. In the case of Asian businesses, it is more often the face that matters and the kind of relationships that one develops over a period of time. This possibly is the reason why develop or getting into Asian markets is stiffer for new comers whereas it is not so for the American markets. 4. When meeting a stranger, the touch is not as much a part of the Asian culture as it is in the case of the American or European cultures. Some of the Asian cultures do practice a culture of embracing when a stranger is met for the first time, while certain others do only a folding of the arms or bending the body to the front in solemnity. Most of the Asians do not touch a stranger when they meet for the first time. Though of course, when they meet the second time, the embracing or the holding of the hand does take place. Touch of the hand is more of a solidarity indication as

Electronic Banking Has More Benefits for the Bank than for the Bank's Essay

Electronic Banking Has More Benefits for the Bank than for the Bank's Customers - Essay Example Because customer satisfaction has gained much significance in all industry segments, and banking being a retail industry where rush of customers for their daily banking needs is huge, benefits of e-banking to the customers are being provided with extra vigour by the banking industry to attract more and more customers as banking market is very competitive. For banks, internet banking offers the strategic possibility of cutting costs, better customer service; attract more customers and add-on with the cross-selling opportunities. Banks view electronic banking a very positive feature of their services. E-banking has its own challenges and opportunities, challenges emerging from the serious ramifications of global e-banking. In the global context, it is stated that the transaction costs have reduced drastically making it feasible to realise cross-border banking transactions electronically. Such an opportunity provides to the banks the potential of economies of scale. Such electronic cros s-border transactions need to be cleared by banks by taking additional safety measures (Nitsure, 2004). Benefits of e-banking to Banks Cost-effective According to Orr (1999) electronic banking cuts the cost of each transaction at once. ... It cuts down the cost of the bill if it is served to the customer electronically in comparison to when it is physically delivered in hard paper via post. Irvine (1999) remarks that banks leverage cost by saving 40% than in hard copy. Both the customers of the bank and the bank itself get the benefit from reduced cost without affecting the provision of effective and comprehensive services. Loyal Customers According to a research organised by Forrester Research, 61% of the participants were of the view that if banks come forward to deliver the services as desired by them they would gladly remain customers with such banks (Dixon, 1999). Knowing well what their customers want, banks are offering a â€Å"hub† of related services such as bill presentment and payment, financial planning, property planning, insurance, loans and brokerage services. The internet has facilitated this convergence of financial services, which was not possible otherwise from a centralised system. Banking we b sites providing convergence of services to the customers deliver a more comprehensive experience to such customers who randomly visit the bank website to use the offered services. The objective of the banks behind such convergence of offered services is to hook the customers by creating loyalty, providing the opportunity of bundling of services, which can be realised in increased earning from such customers, using various services of the banks under the umbrella. Additional Services Banks are offering financial portal services to their customers wherein various financial services and products like stocks and mortgages are presented to the customers, which have opened up another earning stream for the banks. It has become possible because of Internet integration.

“The Things They Carried” Essay Example for Free

â€Å"The Things They Carried† Essay In â€Å"The Things They Carried,† Lieutenant Jimmy Cross is torn between being a good leader to his soldiers and his love for Martha, thus making him a truly dynamic character. A dynamic character is someone who undergoes an important, internal change because of action in the plot. For example, personality or attitude would be two that play a role in against Lieutenant. Jimmy cross shows us in the story just what a dynamic character is, and I am going to explain how he acts before the climax and how he evolves after. Dreamy Lieutenant Cross must lead his men through rice paddies in Vietnam. No matter how hard he tries to be a good leader, he cannot stop fantasizing about Martha. He would rather be back in New Jersey with her, a girl who does not love him back. The hardest thing that Lieutenant carries is his emotional attachment to her. It tortures him that she doesn’t feel the same way, but she never will. His love for her is to the point it’s an obsession. As it mentions in the story all the soldiers carry all their necessities they want to make them feel warm and at home, whereas, Jimmy Cross carries in his wallet two photographs of Martha. It reads, â€Å"The first was a Kodacolor snapshot signed love, though he knew better,† and â€Å"The photograph had been clipped from the 1968 Mount Sebastian Yearbook.† We can see this whole dream the he carries around with him distracts him from his job. Throughout the whole story Lieutenant Cross struggles to stop thinking about Martha and start being a better leader to his soldiers. Although he proves to us he is so wrapped up in his fantasies; it takes the death of Ted Lavender for Lieutenant Jimmy Cross to open his eyes and snap out of it. Cross believes he could have prevented it if he wouldn’t have been thinking about Martha. There he decides he has to learn to think only of his job in the field. He will never forgive himself for mistaking the responsibility of his men. Jimmy Cross was being selfish and his now paying for it by having to go on throughout the day missing a soldier. Martha had a way of leading on Jimmy Cross and to allow his love for her to grow. The letters she sent in the mail, the pebble she sent him, and to the words separate but together  quality can make Jimmy Cross very distracted. A lot of times its easy to just get your hopes up and to think about that daily non-stop. Jimmy had a love for Martha that she didn’t ever give back. Often leading him to get his hopes up. I suppose it would be hard to be so far away and just to have that someone you know will be there when you get home and to love you like you love them. That’s all Lieutenant Jimmy Cross wanted. However to overcome all this he burns all of Martha’s letters, throws the pebbles away, and concentrates on being a leader he was supposed to be in the beginning to his soldiers.

Renewable And Non Renewable Energy Sources Environmental Sciences Essay

Renewable And Non Renewable Energy Sources Environmental Sciences Essay We can not use our feet to power our cars like the flinstones. So, how do cars move around? Energy! what is energy? energy is the ability to do work. All living things need energy to grow, plants use light from the sun to grow, also light is a type of energy we use all the time, we get most of the light from the sun, but at night we make our own light using another energy source known as electricity. Energy makes things move, cars run on the energy stored in gasoline sail boats are pushed by the energy in the wind. It takes energy to run our televisions, computers, and video games in the form of electricity, we use electricity all day long, it gives us light and heat, it makes things operate. After a long day dont you feel too tired to move? Well you have ran out of energy, you need some food to refuel. Imagine what your life would be without electricity?! There are two main types of energy; renewable and non-renewable, basically Most of the energy we use comes from fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas and petroleum. Uranium is another nonrenewable source, but it is not a fossil fuel. Uranium is converted to a fuel and used in nuclear power plants. Once these natural resources are used up, they are gone forever. The process of gathering these fuels can be harmful to the biomes from which they come. Fossil fuels are put through a process called combustion in order to produce energy. Combustion releases pollution, such as carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide, which may contribute to acid rain and global warming. Other than Renewable sources of energy can be used over and over again. Renewable resources include solar energy, wind, geothermal energy, biomass and hydropower. They generate much less pollution, both in gathering and production, than nonrenewable sources. But it is believed that petroleum in particular will not be depleted as it is generated in the deep sedimentary basins even if it will take thousands of years but it will be generated and petroleum will still be one of main and important sources of energy and the source upon which countries economies depend on, in the following report we will try to identify different energy sources available in the world. Scientific Background Renewable energy is defined () to be those energy source which do not deplete. They are basically natural sources of energy like sun, wind, -whereas nonren renewable energy sources : renewable energy sources are the sources which when used will not be depleted from the world. Data survey The following section will demonstrate various examples from around the world to show energy sources uses and applications. The first example is from (http://www.renewable-energy-sources.com/) SMA Expands North American Utility-Scale PV Inverter Line    Sunny Central 500HE and 630HE Ideal for Medium Voltage Connection SMA America LLC, the U.S.-based subsidiary of global solar technology leader SMA Solar Technology AG, has expanded its U.S. line of utility products with the Sunny Central High Efficiency (HE) line of solar inverters. The new 500 and 630 kilowatt inverters provide integrators Abengoa Solar Reaches Total of 193 Megawatts Operating Abengoa Solars third parabolic trough solar power plant, Solnova 4, successfully passed its three day production and operation tests. UNI-SOLAR Power Tilt(TM) Solar Roof System Featured on German DIY Retail Store    Innovative Solar Roofing System Gaining Traction in European Markets United Solar, a leading global manufacturer of building-integrated and rooftop photovoltaics under its UNI-SOLAR ® brand and a wholly owned subsidiary of Energy Conversion Devices (Nasdaq:ENER) announced that its innovative PowerTiltà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ solar roof system was recently installed at Hagebaumarkt, a German DIY retail franchise Centro solar Presents New 54-cell PV Panel with up to 225 Wp output at the EUPVSEC Premium solar module achieves higher output thanks to novel cell matrix CENTROSOLAR AG is showing the new 54-cell module with increased output at the European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC) from September 6 10 in Valencia, Spain REpower Launches First Wind Farm with System Certificate in line with German System Service Ordinance (SDLWindV) Kronprinzenkoog wind farm one of the biggest repowering projects in Northern Germany Total wind farm output increased from 12.3 MW to 30.75 MW Hamburg, 2 August 2010. REpower Systems AG (WKN 617703) has launched a wind farm project in the district of Dithmarschen (Schleswig-Holstein) with Repowering Kronprinzenkoog GbR Non-renewable energy sources: non-renewable energy sources are the sources which when used will be depleted from our world and then we will have to find alternative sources. Data survey The following section will also demonstrate various examples of non renewable energy sources extracted from (http://www.lshc.co.uk/downloads/Nonrenewable.pdf), such as: 1-fossil fuels: Fossil fuels are compounds made from the chemical elements carbon and hydrogen. Fossil fuels formed millions of years ago, during the Carboniferous Period, from the remains of plants and animals. As the plants and animals that inhabited the swamps died, they were buried under sand and mud which stopped them from decaying. Over time, more sediments covered the remains and pressure, together with heat, turned them into coal, oil and natural gas deposits. Today, fossil fuels are used in power stations to generate electricity. Natural gas is also commonly used in homes to cook food and heat water, and compressed natural gas can power specially designed vehicles. Oil is the main source of power for vehicles, in the form of petrol or diesel. 74% of the UKs electricity is generated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ from fossil fuels. Most of the worlds oil (13%) comes from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Saudi Arabia. Russia is the main producer of natural à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ gas, extracting nearly 22% of the total produced each year. The UK is 5th with 3.2%. China leads the way in coal production, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ mining 38% of the worlds coal. 2-Nuclear power In most electric power plants, water is heated and converted into steam, which drives a turbine-generator to produce electricity. Fossil-fueled power plants produce heat by burning coal, oil, or natural gas. In a  nuclear power plant, the  fission of uranium atoms  in the reactor provides the heat to produce steam for generating electricity. Several commercial reactor designs are currently in use in the United States. The most widely used design consists of a heavy steel pressure vessel surrounding a reactor core. Thereactor core  contains the uranium fuel, which is formed into cylindrical ceramic pellets and sealed in long metal tubes called  fuel rods. Thousands of fuel rods form the reactor core. Heat is produced in a nuclear reactor when neutrons strike uranium atoms, causing them to split in a continuous chain reaction.  Control rods, which are made of a material such as boron that absorbs neutrons, are placed among the fuel assemblies. When the neutron-absorbing control rods are pulled out of the core, more neutrons become available for fission and the chain reaction speeds up, producing more heat. When they are inserted into the core, fewer neutrons are available for fission, and the chain reaction slows or stops, reducing the heat generated. Heat is removed from the reactor core area by water flowing through it in a closed pressurized loop. The heat is transferred to a second water loop through a heat exchanger. The water also serves to slow down, or moderate the neutrons which is necessary for sustaining the fission reactions. The second loop is kept at a lower pressure, allowing the water to boil and create steam, which is used to power the turbine-generator and produce electricity. Originally, nuclear energy was expected to be a clean and cheap source of energy. Nuclear fission does not produce atmospheric pollution or greenhouse gases and it proponents expected that nuclear energy would be cheaper and last longer than fossil fuels. Unfortunately, because of construction cost overruns, poor management, and numerous regulations, nuclear power ended up being much more expensive than predicted. The nuclear accidents at Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania and the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant in the Ukraine raised concerns about the safety of nuclear power. Furthermore, the problem of safely disposing spent nuclear fuel remains unresolved. The United States has not built a new nuclear facility in over twenty years, but with continued energy crises across the country that situation may change. 19% of the UKs electricity comes from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ nuclear power (http://cnx.org/content/m16730/latest/) 3-Coal At the present rate of use, the known coal supplies will last about 300 years and oil may not last for more than about 50 years. A great deal of fossil fuel is burnt in power stations. The coal is burnt to boil water which in turn produces steam. The steam drives the fans of a large turbine (a very big dynamo) which then generates electricity. The electric current is transported to our houses by large power cables. The whole process is an example of how energy is transformed from chemical energy to heat energy to  kinetic energy and then finally to electrical energy. Figure (1) Problems with non-renewable energy The main source of energy today is fossil fuel. However, there are two main problems associated with this type of fuel: the limited availability of fossil fuels and climate change. There are also safety concerns linked to the use of nuclear power and the radiation that is produced. Limited availability of fossil fuels Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy, so they could one day run out. Alternative sources of energy are needed. As supplies decrease, the cost of buying fossil fuels may increase causing economic problems as well Climate change When fossil fuels are burnt they produce the gas carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide is known as a greenhouse gas because it traps heat from the sun, much like the glass in a greenhouse, preventing it from escaping out of the Earths atmosphere into space. Greenhouse gases are found naturally in the atmosphere and they are essential for keeping the Earth warm. However, through the activities of humans, mainly as a result of burning fossil fuels, the amount of these gases in the atmosphere is increasing. As a result, global warming is occurring as the temperature of the Earth rises. Global warming is leading to climate change.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Polar ice-caps are melting, causing a rise in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ sea level around the world. Rainfall patterns are changing and extreme à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, are more frequent in some parts of the world. The UK is one of 170 countries that have à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ signed an agreement called the Kyoto Protocol, which sets out targets for reducing CO2 emissions. There are also some environmental problems with fossil fuels such as: oil Spills Oil has to be transported from oil fields to where it is needed. Oil tankers, which can carry many tens of thousands of tons of oil, are regularly used to transport the oil. Unfortunately, accidents can and do happen and the oil spills that result from these accidents have caused some major environmental headaches. Local birds, fish and animals such as sea otters and seals are very vulnerable to oil spills. Although the immediate damage can often seem horrific, with the help of careful human clean-up operations and with natural processes that help clean the environment, the marine ecosystem can usually recover well. Figure(2) Acid Rain When coal burns, it produces gases like carbon dioxide, which are then released into the atmosphere. Other harmful gases produced by coal burning are sulphur dioxide and some nitrogen oxides. These dissolve in the water in the atmosphere to create weak solutions of sulphuric acid and nitric acid, which can then return to Earth as acid rain. Unfortunately many trees and plants cannot thrive when the water they need is acidic like this and large areas of forest can be affected. In the worst cases the vegetation may be killed. conclusion In the end we must understand how energy is something we can not make do without as without energy there is no life. As for some harmful energy sources then we have to find and start looking for alternative energy sources which are clean and non harmful, we should also start to depend on renewable energy sources as we know that they will not be all depleted in the future.